By We Level Up NJ Treatment Center | Editor Yamilla Francese | Clinically Reviewed By Lauren Barry, LMFT, MCAP, QS, Director of Quality Assurance | Editorial Policy | Research Policy | Last Updated: February 27, 202G
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FREE Addiction Hotline – Call 24/7Shopping Addiction Statistics
The frequency of compulsive buying behavior (CBB) has increased worldwide during the two last decades. A recent meta-analysis estimated a pooled prevalence of 4.9% for CBB in adult representative samples, with higher ratios for university students, those of non-community origin and shopping-specific participants. However, prevalence estimations in epidemiological research vary and can range from 1 to 30% depending on the type of sample studied.
0.1% to 6.0%
Adult past year problem gambling prevalence rates range from range from 0.1% to 6.0%, with two to three times as many people experiencing less serious sub-clinical problems.
Source: CDC
35% to 63%
35–63% of individuals seeking
treatment for gambling disorder also screened positive for a
lifetime substance use disorider (SUD),
Source: NCBI
87%
Studies also demonstrate that
individuals with gambling disorder have high rates of lifetime mood (60–76%), anxiety (16–40%), and personality (87%)
disorders, particularly anti‐social personality disorder.
Source: NCBI
Shopping Addiction Facts
Compulsive buying behavior (CBB), otherwise known as shopping addiction, pathological buying or compulsive buying disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by the persistent, excessive, impulsive, and uncontrollable purchase of products in spite of severe psychological, social, occupational, financial consequences.
Whereas, ordinary non-addicted consumers state value and usefulness as their primary motives for shopping, compulsive buyers make purchases in order to improve their mood, cope with stress, gain social approval/recognition, and improve their self-image.
Etiology of CBB
The specific etiology of CBB is still unknown. Diverse factors have been proposed as likely contributors and the few CBB studies conducted to date have largely been centered on neurobiological factors, with research on genetic factors and CBB being nonexistent. As in substance use disorders, brain imaging studies in people with CBB and other behavioral addictions have consistently found abnormalities in frontoparietal regions, reward processing, and limbic systems
However, the presently available neurological evidence does not fully explain how concrete neural mechanisms and cognitive processes can cause normal-shopping behavior to become addictive in the absence of exogenous drug stimulation. Unlike in other addictive conditions, it has been stated that the development of CBB depends on the presence of particular cultural mechanisms, such as a market-based economy, a wide variety of available goods, disposable income, and materialistic values.
Comorbidity
Psychiatric comorbidity is common in individuals with gambling disorder. Frequent co‐occurrence has been reported between SUDs (including nicotine dependence) and gambling disorder, with the highest odds ratios generally observed between gambling and alcohol use disorders. Among clinical samples, 52% reported either alcohol or drug abuse, and 35–63% of individuals seeking treatment for gambling disorder also screened positive for a lifetime SUD, rates notably higher than that found in the general population (26.6%).
Studies also demonstrate that individuals with gambling disorder have high rates of lifetime mood (60–76%), anxiety (16–40%), and personality (87%) disorders, particularly anti‐social personality disorder. Elevated rates of other behavioral addictions (compulsive buying and compulsive sexual behavior) have also been found. In a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the available population surveys exploring comorbid disorders in individuals with gambling disorder, the strongest associations were with nicotine dependence (mean co‐morbidity of 60.1% of subjects), followed by SUDs in general (57.5%), followed by any mood disorder (37.9%)
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Sources
[1] Compulsive Buying Behavior: Clinical Comparison with Other Behavioral Addictions – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4908125/
[2] A review of compulsive buying disorder – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1805733/
[3] Introduction to Behavioral Addictions – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164585/
[4] Behavioral Addiction versus Substance Addiction: Correspondence of Psychiatric and Psychological Views – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3354400/
[5] Definition of Substance and Non-substance Addiction – https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29098666/
[6] Drug Use and Addiction – https://medlineplus.gov/druguseandaddiction.html
[7] Behavioral Addictions as Mental Disorders – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5992581/
[8] How can we conceptualize behavioral addiction without pathologizing common behaviors? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5557689/#
[9] Addictive behaviors: where do we stand, and where are we going? – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5741104/
[10] Criteria for the establishment of a new behavioral addiction- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295214/
