Non-addictive anxiety medications
There’s a range of anxiety medications available, but some of them (like benzodiazepines) can become addictive. It’s particularly important for people with substance use disorders to try to avoid habit-forming medications when possible. Some non-addictive anxiety medications include:
- Hydroxyzine: A non-habit forming antihistamine that has a calming and sedative effect
- SSRIs: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors are a common type of medication used for the effective treatment of depression and anxiety. They work by increasing the neurotransmitter serotonin, which is responsible for mood. Examples of this medication include: escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline. SSRIs are non-habit-forming and usually have minimal side effects.
- SNRIs: Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors do the same thing as SSRIs, but also increase the chemical messenger norepinephrine, which increases alertness and arousal affecting a person’s mood and ability to focus. Examples of this medication include: duloxetine, venlafaxine, and desvenlafaxine.
- Beta-Blockers: Although not specifically designed for the treatment of anxiety, beta-blockers are often prescribed off-label to treat anxiety. They work by lowering the heartbeat and feelings of anxiousness. They are particularly helpful for specific situations, like public speaking. The most common beta-blocker available is propranolol.
- Buspirone: This medication influences neurochemical messaging of a serotonin receptor. Unlike SSRIs and SNRIs, buspirone doesn’t have some of the sexual side effects. However, it can take 4-6 weeks to achieve efficacy.
Many people find that the most effective treatment plan for anxiety is a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Your medical provider will be able to address your specific concerns and make recommendations.
